A Study to Evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme regarding knowledge on identification of High Risk Pregnancy among Health Care Workers

 

Mrs. P Vadivukkarasi Ramanadin¹, Tripal Chaudhari², Bhavisha Sujeeta³, Heena Christulas Jyoti⁴, Churchlin Sonlin⁴, Trupti Najbunnisha⁴, Nijin Thomas⁴, Lakshmy Chandran⁴, Patel Hetal Sejal⁴, Sakuntala Susana⁴

¹Professor, Dept. of OBG(N), Shri Vinoba Bhave College of Nursing, Silvassa, DNH

²Sister Tutor, Dept. of Child Health Nursing, SVBCON, Silvassa, DNH

³M.Sc. Nursing II year, SVBCON, Silvassa, DNH

⁴M.Sc. Nursing I year, SVBCON, Silvassa, DNH

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Most of the time having a baby is a natural process. A pregnancy is considered high risk when complication occurs to the mother, baby or both. Aim: This study examined the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding knowledge on identification of high risk pregnancy among healthcare workers working at periphery level in Daman. Methods and Materials: A pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test deign was used with convenient sampling technique on 80 samples. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge. Result: The pretest level of knowledge on antenatal care among health care workers shows that 60% of them have average, 38.75% them have poor and 1.25% of them have good knowledge. Posttest finding shows that 51.25% of them have average, 47.5% them have good and 1.2% of them have poor knowledge. It shows that pretest mean was 3.762 and posttest mean was 6.575, SD was 2.27, mean difference was 2.8123. Calculated paired t test value [t _{(79, 0.05)} = 10.97 > 2.8123] is higher than the table value, which shows that the planned teaching programme was effective. The association between the level of knowledge and their socio- demographic variables were assessed by chi- square test which shows there is no significant. Conclusion: The overall average mean score indicated that planned teaching programme was effective in increasing knowledge of post test score of healthcare worker regarding identification of high risk pregnancy.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Pregnancy and delivery are the normal physiological process and the outcomes of the most pregnancies are good.¹ The purpose of obstetric care is to optimize maternal and foetal safety. The clinical decisions are always a balance between the risk to the foetus if delivered and the risk to the mother and foetus if the pregnancy continues. A pregnancy becomes high risk when the mother or the foetus has significantly increased risk for disability (morbidity) or death (mortality). To achieve an optimal prenatal outcome, high risk factors must be recognized early so that appropriate and timely treatment can be implemented. Nursing care for the family experiencing a high risk pregnancy focuses on the nurses independent and collaborative roles. The independent role of the perinatal nurse is to diagnose and treat the expectant family’s reaction or concerns about the potential risks inherent to this condition.² The difficulties have been exacerbated by mandatory reductions in working hours worldwide to the extent that the majority and current obstetric trainers have had no real –life experiences leading the management and emergency like eclampsia, shoulder dystocia or even the more common postpartum haemorrhage.³ WHO estimated that the number of women die in pregnancy and childbirth was 500,000 each year and out of which 99% of them are in the developing countries. The most prevalent causes of high risk pregnancy are pregnancy induced hypertension, AIDS, hyperthyroidism, STDs and diabetes mellitus.⁴  

 

OBJECTIVES:

·       Assess the pretest level of knowledge on identification of high risk pregnancy among health care workers working at periphery level, Daman.

·       Evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding knowledge on identification of high risk pregnancy among health care workers working at periphery level, Daman.

·       Associate the pretest level of knowledge on identification of high risk pregnancy among health care workers with selected socio-demographic variables.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The research approach and research design adopted for this study is Quantitative approach with pre experimental, one group pre-test post-test research design. The target population of the study are all health care workers working at periphery level, Daman.  Health care worker at periphery includes ASHA Worker, ANM, Anganwadi Worker and Multipurpose Health Workers (MPHW) selected by non - probability convenient Sampling Technique who fulfils the inclusion criteria. Sample size was 80. Independent variable was planned teaching programme on high risk pregnancy and dependent variable was knowledge on high risk pregnancy. Self-administered structured knowledge questionnaire which comprised of two sections on socio demographic data and knowledge (10 items) were used. The data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

 

RESULT:

Table – 1: Distribution of the health worker according to their socio - demographic variables   N= 80

Sr. no.	Socio-demographic variables	Frequency	Percentage
1.	Age 21-32 33-44 45-56	36 26 18	45% 32.50% 22.50%
2.	Gender Male Female	2 78	2.50% 97.50%
3.	Education ≤7 SSC HSC ANM BHW Graduate / Post graduate	3 27 32 12 2 4	3.75% 33.75% 40% 15% 2.50% 5%
4.	Occupation ANM AWW MPHW ASHA	26 29 2 23	32.50% 36.25% 2.50% 28.75%
5.	Place of Residence Rural Urban Semi Urban	61 16 3	76.25% 20% 3.75%
6.	Year of experience ≤1year   2-12year   13-23year   24-34year	21 39 12 10	26.25% 48.75% 15% 12.50%

 

Table – 2: Comparison of level of knowledge on identification of high risk pregnancy among health care workers before and after the planned teaching programme                             N=80

Sl.no.	Level of knowledge (score)	Level of knowledge
		Pretest		POSTTEST
		Frequency	Percent-age	Frequency	Percent-age
1	POOR (1-5)	31	38.75 %	1	1.25 %
2	AVERAGE (6-7)	48	60.00%	41	51.25 %
3	GOOD (8-10)	1	1.25%	38	47.5 %

 

 

 

 

Table-3: Effectiveness of the planned teaching programme on high risk pregnancy among health care workers                        N=80

Sl. No.	Measures	Mean	SD	Mean DF	SE	Calculated t value	DF	t test  table value	Inference
1	Pre Test	3.762	2.27	2.8123	0.255	10.97	79	1.98	Significant
2	Post Test	6.575

 

 

 

 

Table-4: Association between pretest level of knowledge with selected socio- demographic variables                         N=80

Sl. No.	VARIABLES	LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE			λ2, df, p value & Inference
		POOR	AVERAGE	GOOD
1	Age 21-32 33-44 45-56	15 11 5	20 15 13	1 0 0	2.535, 4,      0.6384 NS
2	Gender Male Female	2 31	0 4	0 1	2.922, 2,     0.2321 NS
3	Education ≤7 SSC HSC ANM BHW Graduate/post graduate	1 13 17 4 2 0	2 14 19 7 0 4	0 0 0 1 0 0	12.523,10,      0.2516 NS
4	Occupation ANM AWW MPHW Asha	6 13 2 11	17 18 0 12	1 0 0 0	7.808, 6,     0.2525 NS
5	Place of Residence Rural Urban Semi Urban	22 6 0	37 10 3	1 0 0	2.090,      4,  0.7193 NS
6	Year of experience ≤1year 2- 12year 13-23 24-34	8 15 4 3	12 24 6 7	1 0 0 0	3.174, 6, 0.7868 NS

NS: Non Significant

 

 

 

DISCUSSION:

This study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on identification of high risk pregnancy among health care workers. Findings of the study were discussed based on the objective and hypothesis of the study. Present study shows that maximum health care workers (45 %) were belongs to the age group of 21-31 years. Similar study findings obtained in a study conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of the antenatal women about nutrition, which shows that majority of the pimigravida (42%) belongs to the age group of 20 to 30 years.⁵

 

In this study the pre-test mean was 3.762 and post-test mean score was 6.575, SD was 2.27, mean difference was 2.8123. Calculated value t value [t (79, 0.05) = 10.97 < 2.8123] is higher than the table value, hence the research hypothesis is accepted at 0.05 level of significance which shows that the planned teaching programme was effective. A comparable finding obtained in a study conducted to assess the Knowledge and skill about antenatal care among paramedical worker during skilled Birth Attendant Training that shows calculated student t- test value was 5.45. The study shows that the knowledge and skill about antenatal care of paramedical workers have improved after administration of training.⁶

CONCLUSION:

This study examined the knowledge of the health worker working in the peripheral level, and helped to upgrade their knowledge regarding the high risk pregnancy. Thereby enabling them to assess the high risk pregnancy and work accordingly

 

ACKNOWLEGEMENT:

The authors express their gratitude to all who contributed directly or indirectly to the study.

 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

There is no conflict of interest

 

REFERENCE:

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2.        Dutta D. C. Textbook of Obstetrics. Central book agency, Calcutta. 2004; 4^th ed.

3.        Chitra. The pregnancy is one of the most wonderful event. The journal of Nursing trends. 2(2); 2012 April.

4.        World Health Organization. Maternal Mortality. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/112318/WHO_RHR_14.06_eng.pdf;jsessionid=7C43CD274F4DF33CE031E1BBE29C16B0?sequence=1 

5.        Renu Gupta, Shaily Agarwal, Neetu Singh, Rimjhim Jain, Arti Katiyar, Almas siddiqui. A study to assess knowledge and attitude of antenatal women about maternal nutrition attending a tertiary care centre. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology.  5(5); 2016 May; 1549-1552. Available from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3a5f/26ffd11502b0a6825fe18e39d9e21c914524.pdf

6.        Rakesh Nahrel, Hemlata Thakur, Meena Armo, Sachin Pandey. Knowledge And Skill, About Antenatal And Intranatal Care Among Paramedical Workers Posted In Health Center Of Tribal Area Of Chhattisgarh. Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science. 5(4); 2015 July – August; 162 – 165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15520/ijmhs.2015.vol5.iss4.76.162-165. Available from: http://www.innovativejournal.in/index.php/ijmhs/article/view/1042

 

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 17.07.2018         Modified on 23.07.2018

Accepted on 02.08.2018      ©A&V Publications All right reserved